{
 "note": "Root type and the depth of soil each plant needs; written by tools/root_data.py. Every value carries its source.",
 "plants": {
  "actaea-racemosa": {
   "type": "rhizome",
   "depth_in": null,
   "type_from": {
    "source": "Plant model library",
    "text": "Model part: Fibrous roots, Knotted rhizome",
    "url": null
   }
  },
  "adiantum-pedatum": {
   "type": "rhizome",
   "depth_in": 10.0,
   "depth_from": {
    "source": "USDA PLANTS",
    "text": "Root Depth, Minimum: 10 in, the minimum depth of soil required for good growth",
    "url": "https://plants.usda.gov/plant-profile/ADPE",
    "definition": "https://web.archive.org/web/2015/http://plants.usda.gov/charinfo.html"
   },
   "type_from": {
    "source": "NC State Extension Plant Toolbox",
    "text": "It spreads slowly by creeping, branching rhizomes to form large colonies over time.",
    "url": "https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/adiantum-pedatum/"
   }
  },
  "amauropelta-noveboracensis": {
   "type": "rhizome",
   "depth_in": 6.0,
   "depth_from": {
    "source": "USDA PLANTS",
    "text": "Root Depth, Minimum: 6 in, the minimum depth of soil required for good growth (filed as Thelypteris noveboracensis)",
    "url": "https://plants.usda.gov/plant-profile/THNO",
    "definition": "https://web.archive.org/web/2015/http://plants.usda.gov/charinfo.html"
   },
   "type_from": {
    "source": "NC State Extension Plant Toolbox",
    "text": "New York fern is found in woodland areas and can form spreading colonies through its brown-black, scaly, trailing rhizomes.",
    "url": "https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/amauropelta-noveboracensis/"
   }
  },
  "amelanchier-laevis": {
   "type": "woody",
   "depth_in": 30.0,
   "depth_from": {
    "source": "USDA PLANTS",
    "text": "Root Depth, Minimum: 30 in, the minimum depth of soil required for good growth",
    "url": "https://plants.usda.gov/plant-profile/AMLA",
    "definition": "https://web.archive.org/web/2015/http://plants.usda.gov/charinfo.html"
   },
   "type_from": {
    "source": "Catalog form",
    "text": "A tree/shrub: woody roots",
    "url": null
   }
  },
  "amsonia-ciliata": {
   "type": null,
   "depth_in": null
  },
  "amsonia-tabernaemontana": {
   "type": "fibrous",
   "depth_in": null,
   "type_from": {
    "source": "Smithsonian herbarium sheets",
    "text": "A woody crown with a dense mass of fibrous roots; no taproot on the sheets (US 1810419, US 3609121)",
    "url": "https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/2236046328"
   }
  },
  "anemone-virginiana": {
   "type": "rhizome",
   "depth_in": null,
   "type_from": {
    "source": "NC State Extension Plant Toolbox",
    "text": "This anemone is not as aggressive as other anemones but will spread by rhizomes.",
    "url": "https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/anemone-virginiana/"
   }
  },
  "antennaria-plantaginifolia": {
   "type": "rhizome",
   "depth_in": null,
   "type_from": {
    "source": "NC State Extension Plant Toolbox",
    "text": "The plant forms stolons that take root a short distance from the mother plant making it useful as a groundcover.",
    "url": "https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/antennaria-plantaginifolia/"
   }
  },
  "aquilegia-canadensis": {
   "type": "taproot",
   "depth_in": null,
   "type_from": {
    "source": "Smithsonian herbarium sheets",
    "text": "One stout, dark taproot below the crown (US 2753742)",
    "url": "https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/2452270922"
   }
  },
  "aronia-arbutifolia": {
   "type": "woody",
   "depth_in": 20.0,
   "depth_from": {
    "source": "USDA PLANTS",
    "text": "Root Depth, Minimum: 20 in, the minimum depth of soil required for good growth",
    "url": "https://plants.usda.gov/plant-profile/ARAR7",
    "definition": "https://web.archive.org/web/2015/http://plants.usda.gov/charinfo.html"
   },
   "type_from": {
    "source": "NC State Extension Plant Toolbox",
    "text": "It is recommended that root suckers be removed to prevent colonial spread.",
    "url": "https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/aronia-arbutifolia/"
   }
  },
  "aronia-melanocarpa": {
   "type": "woody",
   "depth_in": 24.0,
   "depth_from": {
    "source": "USDA PLANTS",
    "text": "Root Depth, Minimum: 24 in, the minimum depth of soil required for good growth",
    "url": "https://plants.usda.gov/plant-profile/ARME6",
    "definition": "https://web.archive.org/web/2015/http://plants.usda.gov/charinfo.html"
   },
   "type_from": {
    "source": "Catalog form",
    "text": "A shrub: woody roots",
    "url": null
   }
  },
  "asclepias-incarnata": {
   "type": "rhizome",
   "depth_in": 18.0,
   "depth_from": {
    "source": "USDA PLANTS",
    "text": "Root Depth, Minimum: 18 in, the minimum depth of soil required for good growth",
    "url": "https://plants.usda.gov/plant-profile/ASIN",
    "definition": "https://web.archive.org/web/2015/http://plants.usda.gov/charinfo.html"
   },
   "type_from": {
    "source": "USDA PLANTS",
    "text": "Growth Form: Rhizomatous",
    "url": "https://plants.usda.gov/plant-profile/ASIN"
   }
  },
  "asclepias-tuberosa": {
   "type": "taproot",
   "depth_in": 16.0,
   "depth_from": {
    "source": "USDA PLANTS",
    "text": "Root Depth, Minimum: 16 in, the minimum depth of soil required for good growth",
    "url": "https://plants.usda.gov/plant-profile/ASTU",
    "definition": "https://web.archive.org/web/2015/http://plants.usda.gov/charinfo.html"
   },
   "type_from": {
    "source": "NC State Extension Plant Toolbox",
    "text": "Butterfly weed does not transplant well due to its deep taproot and is probably best left undisturbed once established.",
    "url": "https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/asclepias-tuberosa/"
   }
  },
  "asclepias-verticillata": {
   "type": "rhizome",
   "depth_in": null,
   "reach_in": 48,
   "reach_from": {
    "source": "GRooT root traits database",
    "text": "Maximum rooting depth 1.21 m, measured in the field",
    "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/geb.13179"
   },
   "type_from": {
    "source": "NC State Extension Plant Toolbox",
    "text": "It will spread by seed and rhizomes.",
    "url": "https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/asclepias-verticillata/"
   }
  },
  "asclepias-viridiflora": {
   "type": "taproot",
   "depth_in": null,
   "type_from": {
    "source": "NC State Extension Plant Toolbox",
    "text": "The plant forms from a large central tap root and the plants are usually found in solitary rather than in colonies.",
    "url": "https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/asclepias-viridiflora/"
   }
  },
  "asimina-triloba": {
   "type": "woody",
   "depth_in": 20.0,
   "depth_from": {
    "source": "USDA PLANTS",
    "text": "Root Depth, Minimum: 20 in, the minimum depth of soil required for good growth",
    "url": "https://plants.usda.gov/plant-profile/ASTR",
    "definition": "https://web.archive.org/web/2015/http://plants.usda.gov/charinfo.html"
   },
   "type_from": {
    "source": "NC State Extension Plant Toolbox",
    "text": "Trees can produce root suckers, which can be troublesome in the landscape.",
    "url": "https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/asimina-triloba/"
   }
  },
  "baptisia-australis": {
   "type": "taproot",
   "depth_in": null,
   "type_from": {
    "source": "NC State Extension Plant Toolbox",
    "text": "The deep tap root makes it drought tolerant but difficult to transplant.",
    "url": "https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/baptisia-australis/"
   }
  },
  "baptisia-bracteata": {
   "type": null,
   "depth_in": null,
   "reach_in": 80,
   "reach_from": {
    "source": "GRooT root traits database",
    "text": "Maximum rooting depth 2.03 m, measured in the field",
    "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/geb.13179"
   }
  },
  "baptisia-tinctoria": {
   "type": "taproot",
   "depth_in": 16.0,
   "depth_from": {
    "source": "USDA PLANTS",
    "text": "Root Depth, Minimum: 16 in, the minimum depth of soil required for good growth",
    "url": "https://plants.usda.gov/plant-profile/BATI",
    "definition": "https://web.archive.org/web/2015/http://plants.usda.gov/charinfo.html"
   },
   "type_from": {
    "source": "NC State Extension Plant Toolbox",
    "text": "The deep tap root makes it drought-tolerant but difficult to transplant.",
    "url": "https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/baptisia-tinctoria/"
   }
  },
  "benthamidia-florida": {
   "type": "woody",
   "depth_in": null,
   "type_from": {
    "source": "Catalog form",
    "text": "A tree/shrub: woody roots",
    "url": null
   }
  },
  "callicarpa-americana": {
   "type": "woody",
   "depth_in": 14.0,
   "depth_from": {
    "source": "USDA PLANTS",
    "text": "Root Depth, Minimum: 14 in, the minimum depth of soil required for good growth",
    "url": "https://plants.usda.gov/plant-profile/CAAM2",
    "definition": "https://web.archive.org/web/2015/http://plants.usda.gov/charinfo.html"
   },
   "type_from": {
    "source": "Catalog form",
    "text": "A shrub: woody roots",
    "url": null
   }
  },
  "calycanthus-floridus": {
   "type": "woody",
   "depth_in": null,
   "type_from": {
    "source": "NC State Extension Plant Toolbox",
    "text": "It has a suckering habit, and those suckering branches need to be eliminated unless you want this plant to naturalize in your landscape.",
    "url": "https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/calycanthus-floridus/"
   }
  },
  "campanulastrum-americanum": {
   "type": null,
   "depth_in": 8.0,
   "depth_from": {
    "source": "USDA PLANTS",
    "text": "Root Depth, Minimum: 8 in, the minimum depth of soil required for good growth",
    "url": "https://plants.usda.gov/plant-profile/CAAM6",
    "definition": "https://web.archive.org/web/2015/http://plants.usda.gov/charinfo.html"
   }
  },
  "carex-crinita": {
   "type": "fibrous",
   "depth_in": 18.0,
   "depth_from": {
    "source": "USDA PLANTS",
    "text": "Root Depth, Minimum: 18 in, the minimum depth of soil required for good growth",
    "url": "https://plants.usda.gov/plant-profile/CACR6",
    "definition": "https://web.archive.org/web/2015/http://plants.usda.gov/charinfo.html"
   },
   "type_from": {
    "source": "USDA PLANTS",
    "text": "Growth Form: Bunch",
    "url": "https://plants.usda.gov/plant-profile/CACR6"
   }
  },
  "carex-grayi": {
   "type": "fibrous",
   "depth_in": 8.0,
   "depth_from": {
    "source": "USDA PLANTS",
    "text": "Root Depth, Minimum: 8 in, the minimum depth of soil required for good growth",
    "url": "https://plants.usda.gov/plant-profile/CAGR5",
    "definition": "https://web.archive.org/web/2015/http://plants.usda.gov/charinfo.html"
   },
   "type_from": {
    "source": "USDA PLANTS",
    "text": "Growth Form: Bunch",
    "url": "https://plants.usda.gov/plant-profile/CAGR5"
   }
  },
  "carex-intumescens": {
   "type": "fibrous",
   "depth_in": 8.0,
   "depth_from": {
    "source": "USDA PLANTS",
    "text": "Root Depth, Minimum: 8 in, the minimum depth of soil required for good growth (filed as Carex intumescens)",
    "url": "https://plants.usda.gov/plant-profile/CAIN12",
    "definition": "https://web.archive.org/web/2015/http://plants.usda.gov/charinfo.html"
   },
   "type_from": {
    "source": "USDA PLANTS",
    "text": "Growth Form: Bunch",
    "url": "https://plants.usda.gov/plant-profile/CAIN12"
   }
  },
  "carex-lurida": {
   "type": "fibrous",
   "depth_in": 16.0,
   "depth_from": {
    "source": "USDA PLANTS",
    "text": "Root Depth, Minimum: 16 in, the minimum depth of soil required for good growth",
    "url": "https://plants.usda.gov/plant-profile/CALU5",
    "definition": "https://web.archive.org/web/2015/http://plants.usda.gov/charinfo.html"
   },
   "type_from": {
    "source": "USDA PLANTS",
    "text": "Growth Form: Bunch",
    "url": "https://plants.usda.gov/plant-profile/CALU5"
   }
  },
  "carex-pensylvanica": {
   "type": "rhizome",
   "depth_in": null,
   "reach_in": 36,
   "reach_from": {
    "source": "GRooT root traits database",
    "text": "Maximum rooting depth 0.91 m, measured in the field",
    "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/geb.13179"
   },
   "type_from": {
    "source": "Plant model library",
    "text": "Model part: Fibrous Roots, Rhizomes",
    "url": null
   }
  },
  "carex-rosea": {
   "type": "fibrous",
   "depth_in": null,
   "type_from": {
    "source": "Catalog form",
    "text": "A grass or sedge: a fibrous clump",
    "url": null
   }
  },
  "carex-texensis-tn-3201": {
   "type": "rhizome",
   "depth_in": null,
   "type_from": {
    "source": "NC State Extension Plant Toolbox",
    "text": "This slow grower has long, fine-textured foliage and colonizes through rhizomes.",
    "url": "https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/carex-texensis/"
   }
  },
  "ceanothus-americanus": {
   "type": "woody",
   "depth_in": 14.0,
   "depth_from": {
    "source": "USDA PLANTS",
    "text": "Root Depth, Minimum: 14 in, the minimum depth of soil required for good growth",
    "url": "https://plants.usda.gov/plant-profile/CEAM",
    "definition": "https://web.archive.org/web/2015/http://plants.usda.gov/charinfo.html"
   },
   "type_from": {
    "source": "Catalog form",
    "text": "A shrub: woody roots",
    "url": null
   }
  },
  "cephalanthus-occidentalis": {
   "type": "woody",
   "depth_in": 14.0,
   "depth_from": {
    "source": "USDA PLANTS",
    "text": "Root Depth, Minimum: 14 in, the minimum depth of soil required for good growth",
    "url": "https://plants.usda.gov/plant-profile/CEOC2",
    "definition": "https://web.archive.org/web/2015/http://plants.usda.gov/charinfo.html"
   },
   "type_from": {
    "source": "Catalog form",
    "text": "A tree/shrub: woody roots",
    "url": null
   }
  },
  "cercis-canadensis": {
   "type": "woody",
   "depth_in": 24.0,
   "depth_from": {
    "source": "USDA PLANTS",
    "text": "Root Depth, Minimum: 24 in, the minimum depth of soil required for good growth",
    "url": "https://plants.usda.gov/plant-profile/CECA4",
    "definition": "https://web.archive.org/web/2015/http://plants.usda.gov/charinfo.html"
   },
   "type_from": {
    "source": "Catalog form",
    "text": "A tree/shrub: woody roots",
    "url": null
   }
  },
  "chasmanthium-latifolium": {
   "type": "rhizome",
   "depth_in": 10.0,
   "depth_from": {
    "source": "USDA PLANTS",
    "text": "Root Depth, Minimum: 10 in, the minimum depth of soil required for good growth",
    "url": "https://plants.usda.gov/plant-profile/CHLA5",
    "definition": "https://web.archive.org/web/2015/http://plants.usda.gov/charinfo.html"
   },
   "type_from": {
    "source": "NC State Extension Plant Toolbox",
    "text": "Watch its placement especially in smaller gardens as may spread aggressively by rhizomes and seeds.",
    "url": "https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/chasmanthium-latifolium/"
   }
  },
  "chelone-glabra": {
   "type": "fibrous",
   "depth_in": null,
   "type_from": {
    "source": "Plant model library",
    "text": "Model part: Fibrous roots",
    "url": null
   }
  },
  "chionanthus-virginicus": {
   "type": "woody",
   "depth_in": 20.0,
   "depth_from": {
    "source": "USDA PLANTS",
    "text": "Root Depth, Minimum: 20 in, the minimum depth of soil required for good growth",
    "url": "https://plants.usda.gov/plant-profile/CHVI3",
    "definition": "https://web.archive.org/web/2015/http://plants.usda.gov/charinfo.html"
   },
   "type_from": {
    "source": "Catalog form",
    "text": "A tree/shrub: woody roots",
    "url": null
   }
  },
  "chrysogonum-virginianum": {
   "type": null,
   "depth_in": null
  },
  "cinna-arundinacea": {
   "type": "fibrous",
   "depth_in": 16.0,
   "depth_from": {
    "source": "USDA PLANTS",
    "text": "Root Depth, Minimum: 16 in, the minimum depth of soil required for good growth",
    "url": "https://plants.usda.gov/plant-profile/CIAR2",
    "definition": "https://web.archive.org/web/2015/http://plants.usda.gov/charinfo.html"
   },
   "type_from": {
    "source": "USDA PLANTS",
    "text": "Growth Form: Bunch",
    "url": "https://plants.usda.gov/plant-profile/CIAR2"
   }
  },
  "claytonia-virginica": {
   "type": "bulb",
   "depth_in": null,
   "type_from": {
    "source": "NC State Extension Plant Toolbox",
    "text": "It can be naturalized by bulb offsets or self-seeding in meadows, woodlands or even the yard and used in rock gardens and native wildflower gardens.",
    "url": "https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/claytonia-virginica/"
   }
  },
  "clethra-alnifolia": {
   "type": "woody",
   "depth_in": 16.0,
   "depth_from": {
    "source": "USDA PLANTS",
    "text": "Root Depth, Minimum: 16 in, the minimum depth of soil required for good growth",
    "url": "https://plants.usda.gov/plant-profile/CLAL3",
    "definition": "https://web.archive.org/web/2015/http://plants.usda.gov/charinfo.html"
   },
   "type_from": {
    "source": "NC State Extension Plant Toolbox",
    "text": "When grown in conditions similar to its native habitat, it will produce suckers and eventually form small thickets.",
    "url": "https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/clethra-alnifolia/"
   }
  },
  "collinsonia-canadensis": {
   "type": "rhizome",
   "depth_in": null,
   "type_from": {
    "source": "NC State Extension Plant Toolbox",
    "text": "It can grow up to 4 feet tall and 3 feet wide and spreads by rhizomes.",
    "url": "https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/collinsonia-canadensis/"
   }
  },
  "coreopsis-lanceolata": {
   "type": null,
   "depth_in": 6.0,
   "depth_from": {
    "source": "USDA PLANTS",
    "text": "Root Depth, Minimum: 6 in, the minimum depth of soil required for good growth",
    "url": "https://plants.usda.gov/plant-profile/COLA5",
    "definition": "https://web.archive.org/web/2015/http://plants.usda.gov/charinfo.html"
   }
  },
  "coreopsis-verticillata": {
   "type": "rhizome",
   "depth_in": null,
   "type_from": {
    "source": "NC State Extension Plant Toolbox",
    "text": "The clumps will spread by rhizomes and can be divided every 2-3 years.",
    "url": "https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/coreopsis-verticillata/"
   }
  },
  "delphinium-tricorne": {
   "type": "tuberous",
   "depth_in": null,
   "type_from": {
    "source": "Plant model library",
    "text": "Model part: Fibrous roots, Root tubers",
    "url": null
   }
  },
  "diervilla-sessilifolia": {
   "type": "woody",
   "depth_in": null,
   "type_from": {
    "source": "NC State Extension Plant Toolbox",
    "text": "It spreads by suckers and will form thickets, which makes it ideal for stabilizing banks or using as a ground cover.",
    "url": "https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/diervilla-sessilifolia/"
   }
  },
  "dryopteris-marginalis": {
   "type": "fibrous",
   "depth_in": null,
   "type_from": {
    "source": "Plant model library",
    "text": "Model part: Fibrous Roots",
    "url": null
   }
  },
  "echinacea-purpurea": {
   "type": null,
   "depth_in": 24.0,
   "depth_from": {
    "source": "USDA PLANTS",
    "text": "Root Depth, Minimum: 24 in, the minimum depth of soil required for good growth",
    "url": "https://plants.usda.gov/plant-profile/ECPU",
    "definition": "https://web.archive.org/web/2015/http://plants.usda.gov/charinfo.html"
   }
  },
  "erigeron-pulchellus": {
   "type": "rhizome",
   "depth_in": null,
   "type_from": {
    "source": "NC State Extension Plant Toolbox",
    "text": "Plants will spread through the garden through self-seeding or by its stoloniferous runners.",
    "url": "https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/erigeron-pulchellus/"
   }
  },
  "eryngium-yuccifolium": {
   "type": "fibrous",
   "depth_in": null,
   "type_from": {
    "source": "Plant model library",
    "text": "Model part: Fibrous roots",
    "url": null
   }
  },
  "euphorbia-corollata": {
   "type": "taproot",
   "depth_in": null,
   "reach_in": 59,
   "reach_from": {
    "source": "GRooT root traits database",
    "text": "Maximum rooting depth 1.51 m, measured in the field",
    "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/geb.13179"
   },
   "type_from": {
    "source": "NC State Extension Plant Toolbox",
    "text": "The root system consists of a taproot that becomes woody with age.",
    "url": "https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/euphorbia-corollata/"
   }
  },
  "eurybia-divaricata": {
   "type": "rhizome",
   "depth_in": null,
   "type_from": {
    "source": "NC State Extension Plant Toolbox",
    "text": "Woodland aster can grow to a mounding height of 3 feet and spread vigorously by rhizomes reaching its full growth in 2 to 5 years.",
    "url": "https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/eurybia-divaricata/"
   }
  },
  "eutrochium-dubium": {
   "type": "fibrous",
   "depth_in": null,
   "type_from": {
    "source": "Plant model library",
    "text": "Model part: Fibrous roots",
    "url": null
   }
  },
  "eutrochium-fistulosum": {
   "type": "rhizome",
   "depth_in": 16.0,
   "depth_from": {
    "source": "USDA PLANTS",
    "text": "Root Depth, Minimum: 16 in, the minimum depth of soil required for good growth",
    "url": "https://plants.usda.gov/plant-profile/EUFI",
    "definition": "https://web.archive.org/web/2015/http://plants.usda.gov/charinfo.html"
   },
   "type_from": {
    "source": "USDA PLANTS",
    "text": "Growth Form: Rhizomatous",
    "url": "https://plants.usda.gov/plant-profile/EUFI"
   }
  },
  "eutrochium-purpureum": {
   "type": "fibrous",
   "depth_in": null,
   "type_from": {
    "source": "Plant model library",
    "text": "Model part: Fibrous roots",
    "url": null
   }
  },
  "fothergilla-gardenii": {
   "type": "woody",
   "depth_in": 12.0,
   "depth_from": {
    "source": "USDA PLANTS",
    "text": "Root Depth, Minimum: 12 in, the minimum depth of soil required for good growth",
    "url": "https://plants.usda.gov/plant-profile/FOGA",
    "definition": "https://web.archive.org/web/2015/http://plants.usda.gov/charinfo.html"
   },
   "type_from": {
    "source": "NC State Extension Plant Toolbox",
    "text": "Over time, if suckers are not removed, it will colonize other areas of the landscape.",
    "url": "https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/fothergilla-gardenii/"
   }
  },
  "fothergilla-major": {
   "type": "woody",
   "depth_in": null,
   "type_from": {
    "source": "NC State Extension Plant Toolbox",
    "text": "It may spread by root suckers to form colonies if suckers are not promptly removed.",
    "url": "https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/fothergilla-major/"
   }
  },
  "fragaria-virginiana": {
   "type": "rhizome",
   "depth_in": null,
   "type_from": {
    "source": "NC State Extension Plant Toolbox",
    "text": "The plant has a low profile of about 5 inches by 2 feet wide and spreads by runners making it useful as a groundcover as well as a provider of edible fruit.",
    "url": "https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/fragaria-virginiana/"
   }
  },
  "gaillardia-pulchella": {
   "type": "woody",
   "depth_in": 12.0,
   "depth_from": {
    "source": "USDA PLANTS",
    "text": "Root Depth, Minimum: 12 in, the minimum depth of soil required for good growth",
    "url": "https://plants.usda.gov/plant-profile/GAPU",
    "definition": "https://web.archive.org/web/2015/http://plants.usda.gov/charinfo.html"
   },
   "type_from": {
    "source": "Catalog form",
    "text": "A shrub: woody roots",
    "url": null
   }
  },
  "gaylussacia-baccata": {
   "type": "woody",
   "depth_in": 14.0,
   "depth_from": {
    "source": "USDA PLANTS",
    "text": "Root Depth, Minimum: 14 in, the minimum depth of soil required for good growth",
    "url": "https://plants.usda.gov/plant-profile/GABA",
    "definition": "https://web.archive.org/web/2015/http://plants.usda.gov/charinfo.html"
   },
   "type_from": {
    "source": "Catalog form",
    "text": "A shrub: woody roots",
    "url": null
   }
  },
  "geranium-maculatum": {
   "type": "taproot",
   "depth_in": null,
   "type_from": {
    "source": "NC State Extension Plant Toolbox",
    "text": "It may grow 1 to 2 feet tall with fibrous roots and a shallow taproot.",
    "url": "https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/geranium-maculatum/"
   }
  },
  "hamamelis-virginiana": {
   "type": "woody",
   "depth_in": 20.0,
   "depth_from": {
    "source": "USDA PLANTS",
    "text": "Root Depth, Minimum: 20 in, the minimum depth of soil required for good growth",
    "url": "https://plants.usda.gov/plant-profile/HAVI4",
    "definition": "https://web.archive.org/web/2015/http://plants.usda.gov/charinfo.html"
   },
   "type_from": {
    "source": "Catalog form",
    "text": "A tree/shrub: woody roots",
    "url": null
   }
  },
  "helenium-autumnale": {
   "type": null,
   "depth_in": 6.0,
   "depth_from": {
    "source": "USDA PLANTS",
    "text": "Root Depth, Minimum: 6 in, the minimum depth of soil required for good growth",
    "url": "https://plants.usda.gov/plant-profile/HEAU",
    "definition": "https://web.archive.org/web/2015/http://plants.usda.gov/charinfo.html"
   }
  },
  "helenium-flexuosum": {
   "type": null,
   "depth_in": 6.0,
   "depth_from": {
    "source": "USDA PLANTS",
    "text": "Root Depth, Minimum: 6 in, the minimum depth of soil required for good growth",
    "url": "https://plants.usda.gov/plant-profile/HEFL",
    "definition": "https://web.archive.org/web/2015/http://plants.usda.gov/charinfo.html"
   }
  },
  "helianthus-angustifolius": {
   "type": "rhizome",
   "depth_in": 6.0,
   "depth_from": {
    "source": "USDA PLANTS",
    "text": "Root Depth, Minimum: 6 in, the minimum depth of soil required for good growth",
    "url": "https://plants.usda.gov/plant-profile/HEAN2",
    "definition": "https://web.archive.org/web/2015/http://plants.usda.gov/charinfo.html"
   },
   "type_from": {
    "source": "USDA PLANTS",
    "text": "Growth Form: Rhizomatous",
    "url": "https://plants.usda.gov/plant-profile/HEAN2"
   }
  },
  "heliopsis-helianthoides": {
   "type": null,
   "depth_in": null
  },
  "hibiscus-moscheutos": {
   "type": "woody",
   "depth_in": 10.0,
   "depth_from": {
    "source": "USDA PLANTS",
    "text": "Root Depth, Minimum: 10 in, the minimum depth of soil required for good growth",
    "url": "https://plants.usda.gov/plant-profile/HIMO",
    "definition": "https://web.archive.org/web/2015/http://plants.usda.gov/charinfo.html"
   },
   "type_from": {
    "source": "Catalog form",
    "text": "A shrub: woody roots",
    "url": null
   }
  },
  "hydrangea-cinerea": {
   "type": "woody",
   "depth_in": null,
   "type_from": {
    "source": "Catalog form",
    "text": "A shrub: woody roots",
    "url": null
   }
  },
  "hydrangea-quercifolia": {
   "type": "woody",
   "depth_in": 14.0,
   "depth_from": {
    "source": "USDA PLANTS",
    "text": "Root Depth, Minimum: 14 in, the minimum depth of soil required for good growth",
    "url": "https://plants.usda.gov/plant-profile/HYQU3",
    "definition": "https://web.archive.org/web/2015/http://plants.usda.gov/charinfo.html"
   },
   "type_from": {
    "source": "Catalog form",
    "text": "A shrub: woody roots",
    "url": null
   }
  },
  "hydrophyllum-virginianum": {
   "type": "rhizome",
   "depth_in": null,
   "type_from": {
    "source": "NC State Extension Plant Toolbox",
    "text": "It spreads by rhizomes and seeds to form large colonies.",
    "url": "https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/hydrophyllum-virginianum/"
   }
  },
  "hymenocallis-occidentalis": {
   "type": "bulb",
   "depth_in": 10.0,
   "depth_from": {
    "source": "USDA PLANTS",
    "text": "Root Depth, Minimum: 10 in, the minimum depth of soil required for good growth (filed as Hymenocallis occidentalis var. occidentalis)",
    "url": "https://plants.usda.gov/plant-profile/HYOCO",
    "definition": "https://web.archive.org/web/2015/http://plants.usda.gov/charinfo.html"
   },
   "type_from": {
    "source": "NC State Extension Plant Toolbox",
    "text": "Each bulb can multiply to form a dense clump.",
    "url": "https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/hymenocallis-occidentalis/"
   }
  },
  "hypericum-frondosum": {
   "type": "woody",
   "depth_in": null,
   "type_from": {
    "source": "Catalog form",
    "text": "A shrub: woody roots",
    "url": null
   }
  },
  "hypericum-prolificum": {
   "type": "woody",
   "depth_in": 10.0,
   "depth_from": {
    "source": "USDA PLANTS",
    "text": "Root Depth, Minimum: 10 in, the minimum depth of soil required for good growth",
    "url": "https://plants.usda.gov/plant-profile/HYPR",
    "definition": "https://web.archive.org/web/2015/http://plants.usda.gov/charinfo.html"
   },
   "type_from": {
    "source": "NC State Extension Plant Toolbox",
    "text": "It can spread, the root pattern is rhizomatous with underground stems sending roots and shoots along their length, but can be kept under control with spring pruning.",
    "url": "https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/hypericum-prolificum/"
   }
  },
  "ilex-glabra": {
   "type": "woody",
   "depth_in": 16.0,
   "depth_from": {
    "source": "USDA PLANTS",
    "text": "Root Depth, Minimum: 16 in, the minimum depth of soil required for good growth",
    "url": "https://plants.usda.gov/plant-profile/ILGL",
    "definition": "https://web.archive.org/web/2015/http://plants.usda.gov/charinfo.html"
   },
   "type_from": {
    "source": "NC State Extension Plant Toolbox",
    "text": "Inkberry grows 5 to 10 feet tall, 5 to 8 feet wide, and suckers to form colonies.",
    "url": "https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/ilex-glabra/"
   }
  },
  "ilex-vomitoria": {
   "type": "woody",
   "depth_in": 20.0,
   "depth_from": {
    "source": "USDA PLANTS",
    "text": "Root Depth, Minimum: 20 in, the minimum depth of soil required for good growth",
    "url": "https://plants.usda.gov/plant-profile/ILVO",
    "definition": "https://web.archive.org/web/2015/http://plants.usda.gov/charinfo.html"
   },
   "type_from": {
    "source": "NC State Extension Plant Toolbox",
    "text": "It will form thickets unless the suckers are removed.",
    "url": "https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/ilex-vomitoria/"
   }
  },
  "iris-cristata": {
   "type": "rhizome",
   "depth_in": null,
   "type_from": {
    "source": "Plant model library",
    "text": "Model part: Rhizome",
    "url": null
   }
  },
  "iris-virginica": {
   "type": "rhizome",
   "depth_in": 6.0,
   "depth_from": {
    "source": "USDA PLANTS",
    "text": "Root Depth, Minimum: 6 in, the minimum depth of soil required for good growth",
    "url": "https://plants.usda.gov/plant-profile/IRVI",
    "definition": "https://web.archive.org/web/2015/http://plants.usda.gov/charinfo.html"
   },
   "type_from": {
    "source": "NC State Extension Plant Toolbox",
    "text": "Southern flag iris spreads slowly by rhizomes which can be divided for propagation as clumps form.",
    "url": "https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/iris-virginica/"
   }
  },
  "itea-virginica": {
   "type": "woody",
   "depth_in": 14.0,
   "depth_from": {
    "source": "USDA PLANTS",
    "text": "Root Depth, Minimum: 14 in, the minimum depth of soil required for good growth",
    "url": "https://plants.usda.gov/plant-profile/ITVI",
    "definition": "https://web.archive.org/web/2015/http://plants.usda.gov/charinfo.html"
   },
   "type_from": {
    "source": "NC State Extension Plant Toolbox",
    "text": "Dense colonies are formed by root suckering.",
    "url": "https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/itea-virginica/"
   }
  },
  "leucothoe-axillaris": {
   "type": "woody",
   "depth_in": 15.0,
   "depth_from": {
    "source": "USDA PLANTS",
    "text": "Root Depth, Minimum: 15 in, the minimum depth of soil required for good growth",
    "url": "https://plants.usda.gov/plant-profile/LEAX",
    "definition": "https://web.archive.org/web/2015/http://plants.usda.gov/charinfo.html"
   },
   "type_from": {
    "source": "Catalog form",
    "text": "A shrub: woody roots",
    "url": null
   }
  },
  "leucothoe-fontanesiana": {
   "type": "woody",
   "depth_in": null,
   "type_from": {
    "source": "NC State Extension Plant Toolbox",
    "text": "Plants will sucker to form colonies over time.",
    "url": "https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/leucothoe-fontanesiana/"
   }
  },
  "liatris-spicata": {
   "type": "bulb",
   "depth_in": 14.0,
   "depth_from": {
    "source": "USDA PLANTS",
    "text": "Root Depth, Minimum: 14 in, the minimum depth of soil required for good growth",
    "url": "https://plants.usda.gov/plant-profile/LISP",
    "definition": "https://web.archive.org/web/2015/http://plants.usda.gov/charinfo.html"
   },
   "type_from": {
    "source": "NC State Extension Plant Toolbox",
    "text": "The plant has corms with shallow fibrous roots and can produce new colonies from its corms, though it most often propagates by seed.",
    "url": "https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/liatris-spicata/"
   }
  },
  "lindera-benzoin": {
   "type": "woody",
   "depth_in": 18.0,
   "depth_from": {
    "source": "USDA PLANTS",
    "text": "Root Depth, Minimum: 18 in, the minimum depth of soil required for good growth",
    "url": "https://plants.usda.gov/plant-profile/LIBE3",
    "definition": "https://web.archive.org/web/2015/http://plants.usda.gov/charinfo.html"
   },
   "type_from": {
    "source": "Catalog form",
    "text": "A shrub: woody roots",
    "url": null
   }
  },
  "lobelia-cardinalis": {
   "type": null,
   "depth_in": 12.0,
   "depth_from": {
    "source": "USDA PLANTS",
    "text": "Root Depth, Minimum: 12 in, the minimum depth of soil required for good growth",
    "url": "https://plants.usda.gov/plant-profile/LOCA2",
    "definition": "https://web.archive.org/web/2015/http://plants.usda.gov/charinfo.html"
   }
  },
  "lobelia-siphilitica": {
   "type": null,
   "depth_in": null
  },
  "lonicera-sempervirens": {
   "type": "woody",
   "depth_in": 10.0,
   "depth_from": {
    "source": "USDA PLANTS",
    "text": "Root Depth, Minimum: 10 in, the minimum depth of soil required for good growth",
    "url": "https://plants.usda.gov/plant-profile/LOSE",
    "definition": "https://web.archive.org/web/2015/http://plants.usda.gov/charinfo.html"
   },
   "type_from": {
    "source": "Catalog form",
    "text": "A vine: woody roots",
    "url": null
   }
  },
  "ludwigia-alternifolia": {
   "type": "fibrous",
   "depth_in": null,
   "type_from": {
    "source": "Plant model library",
    "text": "Model part: Fibrous roots",
    "url": null
   }
  },
  "magnolia-virginiana": {
   "type": "woody",
   "depth_in": 30.0,
   "depth_from": {
    "source": "USDA PLANTS",
    "text": "Root Depth, Minimum: 30 in, the minimum depth of soil required for good growth",
    "url": "https://plants.usda.gov/plant-profile/MAVI2",
    "definition": "https://web.archive.org/web/2015/http://plants.usda.gov/charinfo.html"
   },
   "type_from": {
    "source": "NC State Extension Plant Toolbox",
    "text": "As a tree, it has a spreading, open rounded crown, or it may be a shorter, suckering, open, multi-stemmed shrub.",
    "url": "https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/magnolia-virginiana/"
   }
  },
  "maianthemum-racemosum": {
   "type": "rhizome",
   "depth_in": null,
   "type_from": {
    "source": "NC State Extension Plant Toolbox",
    "text": "The foliage will die to the ground each fall, to emerge in the spring from its rhizomes.",
    "url": "https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/maianthemum-racemosum/"
   }
  },
  "monarda-didyma": {
   "type": "rhizome",
   "depth_in": null,
   "type_from": {
    "source": "NC State Extension Plant Toolbox",
    "text": "Scarlet beebalm can reach a height of 4 feet and will spread rapidly by underground stolons.",
    "url": "https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/monarda-didyma/"
   }
  },
  "monarda-fistulosa": {
   "type": "woody",
   "depth_in": 4.0,
   "depth_from": {
    "source": "USDA PLANTS",
    "text": "Root Depth, Minimum: 4 in, the minimum depth of soil required for good growth",
    "url": "https://plants.usda.gov/plant-profile/MOFI",
    "definition": "https://web.archive.org/web/2015/http://plants.usda.gov/charinfo.html"
   },
   "type_from": {
    "source": "Catalog form",
    "text": "A shrub: woody roots",
    "url": null
   }
  },
  "morella-cerifera": {
   "type": "woody",
   "depth_in": 20.0,
   "depth_from": {
    "source": "USDA PLANTS",
    "text": "Root Depth, Minimum: 20 in, the minimum depth of soil required for good growth",
    "url": "https://plants.usda.gov/plant-profile/MOCE2",
    "definition": "https://web.archive.org/web/2015/http://plants.usda.gov/charinfo.html"
   },
   "type_from": {
    "source": "NC State Extension Plant Toolbox",
    "text": "The shrub tends to sucker, sometimes forming sizable colonies in optimum growing conditions.",
    "url": "https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/morella-cerifera/"
   }
  },
  "oenothera-fruticosa": {
   "type": "fibrous",
   "depth_in": 6.0,
   "depth_from": {
    "source": "USDA PLANTS",
    "text": "Root Depth, Minimum: 6 in, the minimum depth of soil required for good growth",
    "url": "https://plants.usda.gov/plant-profile/OEFR",
    "definition": "https://web.archive.org/web/2015/http://plants.usda.gov/charinfo.html"
   },
   "type_from": {
    "source": "Plant model library",
    "text": "Model part: Fibrous roots",
    "url": null
   }
  },
  "onoclea-sensibilis": {
   "type": "rhizome",
   "depth_in": null,
   "type_from": {
    "source": "NC State Extension Plant Toolbox",
    "text": "Propagation occurs both via creeping rhizomes and spores.",
    "url": "https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/onoclea-sensibilis/"
   }
  },
  "osmunda-spectabilis": {
   "type": "rhizome",
   "depth_in": 14.0,
   "depth_from": {
    "source": "USDA PLANTS",
    "text": "Root Depth, Minimum: 14 in, the minimum depth of soil required for good growth (filed as Osmunda regalis var. spectabilis)",
    "url": "https://plants.usda.gov/plant-profile/OSRES",
    "definition": "https://web.archive.org/web/2015/http://plants.usda.gov/charinfo.html"
   },
   "type_from": {
    "source": "USDA PLANTS",
    "text": "Growth Form: Rhizomatous",
    "url": "https://plants.usda.gov/plant-profile/OSRES"
   }
  },
  "osmundastrum-cinnamomeum": {
   "type": "rhizome",
   "depth_in": 12.0,
   "depth_from": {
    "source": "USDA PLANTS",
    "text": "Root Depth, Minimum: 12 in, the minimum depth of soil required for good growth (filed as Osmunda cinnamomea)",
    "url": "https://plants.usda.gov/plant-profile/OSCI",
    "definition": "https://web.archive.org/web/2015/http://plants.usda.gov/charinfo.html"
   },
   "type_from": {
    "source": "NC State Extension Plant Toolbox",
    "text": "This plant has compact, horizontal rhizomes; its growth is vigorous.",
    "url": "https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/osmundastrum-cinnamomeum/"
   }
  },
  "oxydendrum-arboreum": {
   "type": "woody",
   "depth_in": 30.0,
   "depth_from": {
    "source": "USDA PLANTS",
    "text": "Root Depth, Minimum: 30 in, the minimum depth of soil required for good growth",
    "url": "https://plants.usda.gov/plant-profile/OXAR",
    "definition": "https://web.archive.org/web/2015/http://plants.usda.gov/charinfo.html"
   },
   "type_from": {
    "source": "Catalog form",
    "text": "A tree/shrub: woody roots",
    "url": null
   }
  },
  "packera-anonyma": {
   "type": null,
   "depth_in": null
  },
  "panicum-virgatum": {
   "type": "rhizome",
   "depth_in": 12.0,
   "depth_from": {
    "source": "USDA PLANTS",
    "text": "Root Depth, Minimum: 12 in, the minimum depth of soil required for good growth",
    "url": "https://plants.usda.gov/plant-profile/PAVI2",
    "definition": "https://web.archive.org/web/2015/http://plants.usda.gov/charinfo.html"
   },
   "type_from": {
    "source": "NC State Extension Plant Toolbox",
    "text": "It forms a dense columnar foliage clump that can spread slowly through creeping rhizomes and remains attractive year-round.",
    "url": "https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/panicum-virgatum/"
   }
  },
  "parthenium-integrifolium": {
   "type": null,
   "depth_in": null,
   "reach_in": 71,
   "reach_from": {
    "source": "GRooT root traits database",
    "text": "Maximum rooting depth 1.80 m, measured in the field",
    "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/geb.13179"
   }
  },
  "passiflora-incarnata": {
   "type": "woody",
   "depth_in": null,
   "type_from": {
    "source": "NC State Extension Plant Toolbox",
    "text": "Under optimum growing conditions it spreads by root suckers to cover large areas.",
    "url": "https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/passiflora-incarnata/"
   }
  },
  "penstemon-digitalis": {
   "type": "rhizome",
   "depth_in": 8.0,
   "depth_from": {
    "source": "USDA PLANTS",
    "text": "Root Depth, Minimum: 8 in, the minimum depth of soil required for good growth",
    "url": "https://plants.usda.gov/plant-profile/PEDI",
    "definition": "https://web.archive.org/web/2015/http://plants.usda.gov/charinfo.html"
   },
   "type_from": {
    "source": "USDA PLANTS",
    "text": "Growth Form: Rhizomatous",
    "url": "https://plants.usda.gov/plant-profile/PEDI"
   }
  },
  "penstemon-hirsutus-tn-1669": {
   "type": "rhizome",
   "depth_in": null,
   "type_from": {
    "source": "NC State Extension Plant Toolbox",
    "text": "The plant is characterized by its erect, hairy stems, and usually, several stems can be found growing from the same rhizome.",
    "url": "https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/penstemon-hirsutus/"
   }
  },
  "penstemon-laevigatus": {
   "type": "fibrous",
   "depth_in": null,
   "type_from": {
    "source": "Plant model library",
    "text": "Model part: Fibrous roots",
    "url": null
   }
  },
  "penstemon-smallii": {
   "type": "taproot",
   "depth_in": null,
   "type_from": {
    "source": "NC State Extension Plant Toolbox",
    "text": "The rosette of leaves is often evergreen through winter and the tap root makes it drought-tolerant.",
    "url": "https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/penstemon-smallii/"
   }
  },
  "phlox-carolina": {
   "type": null,
   "depth_in": null
  },
  "phlox-divaricata": {
   "type": "fibrous",
   "depth_in": 14.0,
   "depth_from": {
    "source": "USDA PLANTS",
    "text": "Root Depth, Minimum: 14 in, the minimum depth of soil required for good growth",
    "url": "https://plants.usda.gov/plant-profile/PHDI5",
    "definition": "https://web.archive.org/web/2015/http://plants.usda.gov/charinfo.html"
   },
   "type_from": {
    "source": "NC State Extension Plant Toolbox",
    "text": "It is also an effective, shallow-rooted cover for early spring bulbs.",
    "url": "https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/phlox-divaricata/"
   }
  },
  "phlox-maculata": {
   "type": "rhizome",
   "depth_in": 11.0,
   "depth_from": {
    "source": "USDA PLANTS",
    "text": "Root Depth, Minimum: 11 in, the minimum depth of soil required for good growth (filed as Phlox maculata ssp. maculata)",
    "url": "https://plants.usda.gov/plant-profile/PHMAM",
    "definition": "https://web.archive.org/web/2015/http://plants.usda.gov/charinfo.html"
   },
   "type_from": {
    "source": "USDA PLANTS",
    "text": "Growth Form: Rhizomatous",
    "url": "https://plants.usda.gov/plant-profile/PHMAM"
   }
  },
  "phlox-paniculata": {
   "type": "fibrous",
   "depth_in": null,
   "type_from": {
    "source": "Smithsonian herbarium sheets",
    "text": "A short crown with a spreading tuft of fibrous roots (US 3059905)",
    "url": "https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/1317615059"
   }
  },
  "phlox-pilosa": {
   "type": "rhizome",
   "depth_in": null,
   "type_from": {
    "source": "NC State Extension Plant Toolbox",
    "text": "Its rhizomes form clumps that allow it to spread easily, growing 1 to 2 feet tall and 12 to 18 inches wide.",
    "url": "https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/phlox-pilosa/"
   }
  },
  "phlox-stolonifera": {
   "type": "rhizome",
   "depth_in": null,
   "type_from": {
    "source": "NC State Extension Plant Toolbox",
    "text": "It will spread rapidly by above-ground leafy stems (stolons) that root at the nodes to form a mat.",
    "url": "https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/phlox-stolonifera/"
   }
  },
  "phlox-subulata": {
   "type": "woody",
   "depth_in": 8.0,
   "depth_from": {
    "source": "USDA PLANTS",
    "text": "Root Depth, Minimum: 8 in, the minimum depth of soil required for good growth",
    "url": "https://plants.usda.gov/plant-profile/PHSU3",
    "definition": "https://web.archive.org/web/2015/http://plants.usda.gov/charinfo.html"
   },
   "type_from": {
    "source": "Catalog form",
    "text": "A shrub: woody roots",
    "url": null
   }
  },
  "physocarpus-opulifolius": {
   "type": "woody",
   "depth_in": 14.0,
   "depth_from": {
    "source": "USDA PLANTS",
    "text": "Root Depth, Minimum: 14 in, the minimum depth of soil required for good growth",
    "url": "https://plants.usda.gov/plant-profile/PHOP",
    "definition": "https://web.archive.org/web/2015/http://plants.usda.gov/charinfo.html"
   },
   "type_from": {
    "source": "Catalog form",
    "text": "A shrub: woody roots",
    "url": null
   }
  },
  "polystichum-acrostichoides": {
   "type": "fibrous",
   "depth_in": null,
   "type_from": {
    "source": "Smithsonian herbarium sheets",
    "text": "A clumped, upright crown with a dense tuft of wiry fibrous roots (US 3724056)",
    "url": "https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/2235903252"
   }
  },
  "pycnanthemum-incanum": {
   "type": "fibrous",
   "depth_in": null,
   "type_from": {
    "source": "Plant model library",
    "text": "Model part: Fibrous roots",
    "url": null
   }
  },
  "pycnanthemum-muticum": {
   "type": "rhizome",
   "depth_in": null,
   "type_from": {
    "source": "NC State Extension Plant Toolbox",
    "text": "Although blunt mountain mint is not considered invasive, it is a vigorous grower, spreading its rhizomes, in optimum conditions.",
    "url": "https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/pycnanthemum-muticum/"
   }
  },
  "pycnanthemum-tenuifolium": {
   "type": "fibrous",
   "depth_in": null,
   "type_from": {
    "source": "Plant model library",
    "text": "Model part: Fibrous roots",
    "url": null
   }
  },
  "rhododendron-atlanticum": {
   "type": "woody",
   "depth_in": 12.0,
   "depth_from": {
    "source": "USDA PLANTS",
    "text": "Root Depth, Minimum: 12 in, the minimum depth of soil required for good growth",
    "url": "https://plants.usda.gov/plant-profile/RHAT",
    "definition": "https://web.archive.org/web/2015/http://plants.usda.gov/charinfo.html"
   },
   "type_from": {
    "source": "NC State Extension Plant Toolbox",
    "text": "This plant spreads by underground stolons.",
    "url": "https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/rhododendron-atlanticum/"
   }
  },
  "rhododendron-calendulaceum": {
   "type": "woody",
   "depth_in": null,
   "type_from": {
    "source": "Catalog form",
    "text": "A shrub: woody roots",
    "url": null
   }
  },
  "rhododendron-periclymenoides": {
   "type": "woody",
   "depth_in": 8.0,
   "depth_from": {
    "source": "USDA PLANTS",
    "text": "Root Depth, Minimum: 8 in, the minimum depth of soil required for good growth",
    "url": "https://plants.usda.gov/plant-profile/RHPE4",
    "definition": "https://web.archive.org/web/2015/http://plants.usda.gov/charinfo.html"
   },
   "type_from": {
    "source": "NC State Extension Plant Toolbox",
    "text": "It is a dense, bushy, suckering shrub that typically grows 2 to 6 feet (less frequently to 10 feet) tall.",
    "url": "https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/rhododendron-periclymenoides/"
   }
  },
  "rhododendron-viscosum": {
   "type": "woody",
   "depth_in": 14.0,
   "depth_from": {
    "source": "USDA PLANTS",
    "text": "Root Depth, Minimum: 14 in, the minimum depth of soil required for good growth",
    "url": "https://plants.usda.gov/plant-profile/RHVI2",
    "definition": "https://web.archive.org/web/2015/http://plants.usda.gov/charinfo.html"
   },
   "type_from": {
    "source": "Catalog form",
    "text": "A shrub: woody roots",
    "url": null
   }
  },
  "rhus-aromatica": {
   "type": "woody",
   "depth_in": null,
   "type_from": {
    "source": "NC State Extension Plant Toolbox",
    "text": "It spreads by root suckers and forms colonies and thickets.",
    "url": "https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/rhus-aromatica/"
   }
  },
  "rudbeckia-fulgida": {
   "type": "rhizome",
   "depth_in": null,
   "type_from": {
    "source": "NC State Extension Plant Toolbox",
    "text": "The plant spreads by underground stems called rhizomes to form large clumps.",
    "url": "https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/rudbeckia-fulgida/"
   }
  },
  "rudbeckia-hirta": {
   "type": null,
   "depth_in": 10.0,
   "depth_from": {
    "source": "USDA PLANTS",
    "text": "Root Depth, Minimum: 10 in, the minimum depth of soil required for good growth",
    "url": "https://plants.usda.gov/plant-profile/RUHI2",
    "definition": "https://web.archive.org/web/2015/http://plants.usda.gov/charinfo.html"
   }
  },
  "rudbeckia-laciniata": {
   "type": "rhizome",
   "depth_in": 12.0,
   "depth_from": {
    "source": "USDA PLANTS",
    "text": "Root Depth, Minimum: 12 in, the minimum depth of soil required for good growth",
    "url": "https://plants.usda.gov/plant-profile/RULA3",
    "definition": "https://web.archive.org/web/2015/http://plants.usda.gov/charinfo.html"
   },
   "type_from": {
    "source": "NC State Extension Plant Toolbox",
    "text": "The plant tolerates hot, humid summers, but can spread aggressively by underground rhizomes.",
    "url": "https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/rudbeckia-laciniata/"
   }
  },
  "rudbeckia-triloba": {
   "type": null,
   "depth_in": null
  },
  "salvia-lyrata": {
   "type": "fibrous",
   "depth_in": null,
   "type_from": {
    "source": "Plant model library",
    "text": "Model part: Fibrous roots",
    "url": null
   }
  },
  "sambucus-canadensis": {
   "type": "woody",
   "depth_in": null,
   "type_from": {
    "source": "NC State Extension Plant Toolbox",
    "text": "Plants will spread by root sucker and will form thickets if the suckers are not removed.",
    "url": "https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/sambucus-canadensis/"
   }
  },
  "schizachyrium-scoparium": {
   "type": "fibrous",
   "depth_in": 14.0,
   "depth_from": {
    "source": "USDA PLANTS",
    "text": "Root Depth, Minimum: 14 in, the minimum depth of soil required for good growth",
    "url": "https://plants.usda.gov/plant-profile/SCSC",
    "definition": "https://web.archive.org/web/2015/http://plants.usda.gov/charinfo.html"
   },
   "type_from": {
    "source": "USDA PLANTS",
    "text": "Growth Form: Bunch",
    "url": "https://plants.usda.gov/plant-profile/SCSC"
   }
  },
  "scutellaria-incana": {
   "type": "fibrous",
   "depth_in": null,
   "type_from": {
    "source": "Plant model library",
    "text": "Model part: Fibrous roots",
    "url": null
   }
  },
  "silene-stellata": {
   "type": "taproot",
   "depth_in": null,
   "type_from": {
    "source": "NC State Extension Plant Toolbox",
    "text": "The plant has a deep white taproot.",
    "url": "https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/silene-stellata/"
   }
  },
  "silene-virginica": {
   "type": "taproot",
   "depth_in": null,
   "type_from": {
    "source": "NC State Extension Plant Toolbox",
    "text": "The Fire Pink plant is mostly erect but has weak stems and has a taproot.",
    "url": "https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/silene-virginica/"
   }
  },
  "solidago-caesia": {
   "type": "rhizome",
   "depth_in": 8.0,
   "depth_from": {
    "source": "USDA PLANTS",
    "text": "Root Depth, Minimum: 8 in, the minimum depth of soil required for good growth",
    "url": "https://plants.usda.gov/plant-profile/SOCA4",
    "definition": "https://web.archive.org/web/2015/http://plants.usda.gov/charinfo.html"
   },
   "type_from": {
    "source": "USDA PLANTS",
    "text": "Growth Form: Rhizomatous",
    "url": "https://plants.usda.gov/plant-profile/SOCA4"
   }
  },
  "solidago-odora": {
   "type": "fibrous",
   "depth_in": null,
   "type_from": {
    "source": "Plant model library",
    "text": "Model part: Fibrous roots",
    "url": null
   }
  },
  "solidago-rugosa": {
   "type": "rhizome",
   "depth_in": 12.0,
   "depth_from": {
    "source": "USDA PLANTS",
    "text": "Root Depth, Minimum: 12 in, the minimum depth of soil required for good growth",
    "url": "https://plants.usda.gov/plant-profile/SORU2",
    "definition": "https://web.archive.org/web/2015/http://plants.usda.gov/charinfo.html"
   },
   "type_from": {
    "source": "USDA PLANTS",
    "text": "Growth Form: Rhizomatous",
    "url": "https://plants.usda.gov/plant-profile/SORU2"
   }
  },
  "solidago-speciosa": {
   "type": "fibrous",
   "depth_in": null,
   "type_from": {
    "source": "Plant model library",
    "text": "Model part: Fibrous roots",
    "url": null
   }
  },
  "spigelia-marilandica": {
   "type": null,
   "depth_in": null
  },
  "spiraea-tomentosa": {
   "type": "woody",
   "depth_in": 14.0,
   "depth_from": {
    "source": "USDA PLANTS",
    "text": "Root Depth, Minimum: 14 in, the minimum depth of soil required for good growth",
    "url": "https://plants.usda.gov/plant-profile/SPTO2",
    "definition": "https://web.archive.org/web/2015/http://plants.usda.gov/charinfo.html"
   },
   "type_from": {
    "source": "NC State Extension Plant Toolbox",
    "text": "This a vigorous plant that will spread by suckers to form colonies.",
    "url": "https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/spiraea-tomentosa/"
   }
  },
  "stokesia-laevis": {
   "type": null,
   "depth_in": null
  },
  "symphyotrichum-cordifolium": {
   "type": "rhizome",
   "depth_in": 10.0,
   "depth_from": {
    "source": "USDA PLANTS",
    "text": "Root Depth, Minimum: 10 in, the minimum depth of soil required for good growth",
    "url": "https://plants.usda.gov/plant-profile/SYCO4",
    "definition": "https://web.archive.org/web/2015/http://plants.usda.gov/charinfo.html"
   },
   "type_from": {
    "source": "USDA PLANTS",
    "text": "Growth Form: Rhizomatous",
    "url": "https://plants.usda.gov/plant-profile/SYCO4"
   }
  },
  "symphyotrichum-lateriflorum": {
   "type": "fibrous",
   "depth_in": 10.0,
   "depth_from": {
    "source": "USDA PLANTS",
    "text": "Root Depth, Minimum: 10 in, the minimum depth of soil required for good growth (filed as Symphyotrichum lateriflorum var. lateriflorum)",
    "url": "https://plants.usda.gov/plant-profile/SYLAL7",
    "definition": "https://web.archive.org/web/2015/http://plants.usda.gov/charinfo.html"
   },
   "type_from": {
    "source": "Plant model library",
    "text": "Model part: Fibrous roots",
    "url": null
   }
  },
  "symphyotrichum-novae-angliae": {
   "type": null,
   "depth_in": null
  },
  "symphyotrichum-oblongifolium": {
   "type": "rhizome",
   "depth_in": null,
   "reach_in": 29,
   "reach_from": {
    "source": "GRooT root traits database",
    "text": "Maximum rooting depth 0.73 m, measured in the field",
    "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/geb.13179"
   },
   "type_from": {
    "source": "NC State Extension Plant Toolbox",
    "text": "It propagates by its wind-dispersed seeds or it can spread by stolons.",
    "url": "https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/symphyotrichum-oblongifolium/"
   }
  },
  "thalictrum-dioicum": {
   "type": "fibrous",
   "depth_in": null,
   "type_from": {
    "source": "Plant model library",
    "text": "Model part: Fibrous roots",
    "url": null
   }
  },
  "tiarella-cordifolia": {
   "type": "rhizome",
   "depth_in": 4,
   "traced": true,
   "type_from": {
    "source": "Herbarium sheets, traced",
    "text": "A short scaly horizontal rhizome under the crown and a dense tuft of wiry fibrous roots to about 10 cm (4 in); small roots at the runner tips.",
    "url": "https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/4136515304"
   },
   "depth_from": {
    "source": "Herbarium sheets, traced",
    "text": "Traced from imaged herbarium sheets: on NCU00446500 the tuft spans about 5 cm and the kept roots reach 3-5 cm below the crown (collectors cut roots short). No published rooting depth was found; USDA PLANTS lists none for this species.",
    "url": "https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/4136515304"
   }
  },
  "uvularia-grandiflora": {
   "type": "rhizome",
   "depth_in": null,
   "type_from": {
    "source": "NC State Extension Plant Toolbox",
    "text": "The root system is rhizomatous, from which offsets are often produced and can occasionally form colonies.",
    "url": "https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/uvularia-grandiflora/"
   }
  },
  "uvularia-sessilifolia": {
   "type": "rhizome",
   "depth_in": null,
   "type_from": {
    "source": "NC State Extension Plant Toolbox",
    "text": "It can be used as a ground cover in shade or part shade areas as the roots spread by stolons.",
    "url": "https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/uvularia-sessilifolia/"
   }
  },
  "vaccinium-corymbosum": {
   "type": "woody",
   "depth_in": 16.0,
   "depth_from": {
    "source": "USDA PLANTS",
    "text": "Root Depth, Minimum: 16 in, the minimum depth of soil required for good growth",
    "url": "https://plants.usda.gov/plant-profile/VACO",
    "definition": "https://web.archive.org/web/2015/http://plants.usda.gov/charinfo.html"
   },
   "type_from": {
    "source": "Catalog form",
    "text": "A shrub: woody roots",
    "url": null
   }
  },
  "viburnum-acerifolium": {
   "type": "woody",
   "depth_in": 14.0,
   "depth_from": {
    "source": "USDA PLANTS",
    "text": "Root Depth, Minimum: 14 in, the minimum depth of soil required for good growth",
    "url": "https://plants.usda.gov/plant-profile/VIAC",
    "definition": "https://web.archive.org/web/2015/http://plants.usda.gov/charinfo.html"
   },
   "type_from": {
    "source": "Catalog form",
    "text": "A shrub: woody roots",
    "url": null
   }
  },
  "viburnum-cassinoides": {
   "type": "woody",
   "depth_in": null,
   "type_from": {
    "source": "Catalog form",
    "text": "A tree/shrub: woody roots",
    "url": null
   }
  },
  "viburnum-dentatum": {
   "type": "woody",
   "depth_in": null,
   "type_from": {
    "source": "NC State Extension Plant Toolbox",
    "text": "Suckers also develop with age and are easy to transplant.",
    "url": "https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/viburnum-dentatum/"
   }
  },
  "viburnum-nudum": {
   "type": "woody",
   "depth_in": 14.0,
   "depth_from": {
    "source": "USDA PLANTS",
    "text": "Root Depth, Minimum: 14 in, the minimum depth of soil required for good growth (filed as Viburnum nudum var. cassinoides)",
    "url": "https://plants.usda.gov/plant-profile/VINUC",
    "definition": "https://web.archive.org/web/2015/http://plants.usda.gov/charinfo.html"
   },
   "type_from": {
    "source": "Catalog form",
    "text": "A tree/shrub: woody roots",
    "url": null
   }
  },
  "viola-pedata": {
   "type": "rhizome",
   "depth_in": null,
   "type_from": {
    "source": "Flora of North America",
    "text": "Rhizome thick, fleshy; not stoloniferous",
    "url": "http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&taxon_id=242417472"
   }
  },
  "wisteria-frutescens": {
   "type": "woody",
   "depth_in": 12.0,
   "depth_from": {
    "source": "USDA PLANTS",
    "text": "Root Depth, Minimum: 12 in, the minimum depth of soil required for good growth",
    "url": "https://plants.usda.gov/plant-profile/WIFR",
    "definition": "https://web.archive.org/web/2015/http://plants.usda.gov/charinfo.html"
   },
   "type_from": {
    "source": "Catalog form",
    "text": "A vine: woody roots",
    "url": null
   }
  },
  "zizia-aptera": {
   "type": "fibrous",
   "depth_in": null,
   "type_from": {
    "source": "Plant model library",
    "text": "Model part: Fibrous roots",
    "url": null
   }
  },
  "zizia-aurea": {
   "type": "fibrous",
   "depth_in": null,
   "type_from": {
    "source": "Plant model library",
    "text": "Model part: Fibrous roots",
    "url": null
   }
  }
 }
}